![]() When the debate began on the disarmament aspects of outer space, some speakers warned that existing treaties, including draft treaties and other instruments, on preventing the first deployment of weapons in outer space were deficient, as they did not define what a weapon in outer space was, nor address the challenge of verification. Threats to the sovereignty and territorial integrity and independence of any State under any pretext were threats to the entire world, she said, urging the Russian Federation to withdraw all troops and military equipment from Ukraine. That country had gone from selectively implementing its arms control obligations to completely violating nearly all of them. It had “weakened the overall credibility of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation”.Įstonia’s representative similarly asserted that the Russian Federation’s unprovoked aggression had changed the European security architecture. That followed years of that country’s constant undermining of key frameworks which constituted the regional security architecture. By its aggression against Ukraine, the Russian Federation had decided to launch a period of chaos and uncertainty. “Russia’s brutal war of choice was a devastating blow to the security architecture based on international law”, said the representative of Poland. She cited, for example, the cross-border nature of illicit small arms and light weapons flows. ![]() Disarmament carried out at regional and subregional levels was complementary to those carried out globally. France’s representative said the world was witnessing the gradual erosion of the conventional arms control regime, warning that its three main pillars had already been weakened and were now directly affected by the war in Ukraine. Several European speakers voiced concern about threats to the security architecture in Europe. One of the biggest concerns was the proliferation of mass-destruction weapons in the region, he said, pointing to what he called the Israeli regime’s “reliance” on military aid from the United States, as well as its aggressive military establishment, which was a “chronic source” of regional insecurity. ![]() The presence of extra-regional players exacerbated the situation. The region was “on fire”, agreed Iran’s speaker, who said that a regional security framework was needed there now more than ever. It was presently witnessing a new chapter of an alarming arms race. The Middle East remained among the world’s most volatile regions, worsened by the spread of conflicts, proxy wars, terrorism and sectarian violence. Missing another opportunity to construct a consensus-based security architecture that included a zone free from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, said Egypt’s representative, would lead to catastrophic consequences. The Middle East could not continue to sit idly by with its hands tied while ignoring the severity of the region’s deteriorating security situation, the First Committee (Disarmament and International Security) heard today, as it concluded its thematic debate on regional security and started consideration of the disarmament aspects of outer space. Immense streets, none less than forty cubits wide, traversed the city from one end to the other, dividing it into blocks or quarters, each under the control of an overseer or supervisor, who looked after the cleanliness, sanitation and the comfort of the inhabitants.‘Russia’s Brutal War of Choice’ Deals Blow to European Security On this side of the river stood the palaces of the great nobles. The palace grounds were laid out with gardens and adorned with exquisite taste with plants, flowers, and trees, reservoirs and fountains, surrounded by sculpted figures. In the days of its prosperity the population of Baghdad and its suburbs amounted to over two ! The palace of the Caliph stood in the midst of a vast park several hours in circumference, which beside a menagerie and aviary comprised an enclosure for wild animals reserved for the chase. The numerous suburbs, covered with parks, gardens, villas, and beautiful promenades, and plentifully supplied with rich bazaars, and finely built mosques and baths, stretched for a considerable distance on both sides of the river. The city of Baghdad formed two vast semi-circles on the right and left banks of the Tigris, twelve miles in diameter.
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